Priming apparatus



Dec. 4, 1928. 1,693,732

C. L. STOKES PRIMING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 30, 1924 INVENTOR.

Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

CHARLES LAWRENCE STOKES, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

PRIMING APPARATUS.

Application filed January 30, 1924. Serial No. 689,474.

My invention relates to improvements in priming apparatus whereby an internal combustion engine may be easily started and kept operating in cold weather.

The principal object of my invention is to utilize the positive pressure generated by the engine oil pump for first injecting a. predetermined quantity of gasoline into the engine, depending on its temperature and thereafter controlling the supply of gasoline to the engine in accordance with the engines demands at a particular temperature.

Referring to the drawings in which the same numbers indicate like parts:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an engine showing the way my apparatus is attached.

Fig. 2 is a sectional and part view of the construction of my apparatus.

An internal combustion engine 1 has an intake manifold 2 for drawing therein a mixture of air and liquid fuel from the carburetor 3 which is supplied with gasoline by any suitable-means through a pipe 1. The

. carburetor 3 contains the usual float control reservoir for fuel (not shown) which maintains a certain liquid level therein and a pipe 5 is led from below said liquid level A-A to pass liquid fuel to the interior of my priming apparatus which comprises a casing 7.

The passage of fucl to 5 is controlled by a valve 6 and the lower end of 7 contains a connection for a pipe 8 leading from the oil pump 90 on its discharge side and the upper part of 7 cont-ains'a pipe 9 for discharging oil to any suitable portion of the interior of the crank case of engine 1.

The'upper part of is closed by a cover 10. screw-threaded therein and on the inner face of 10 is soldered a bellows. or expansible diaphragm 11 which is of the well-known sylphon type.

' a passage 14.

The lower part. of 11 is closed fluid tightby a circular closure 12 having a central valve 13 thereon and 13 is drilled centrally to form The liquid fuel from 3 is passed through 5 and 10 to the interior of 11.

A pipe 16 leads from the central upper portion of 10 to the interior of the intake manifold 2 and 13 is adapted to slide easily in the interior of 16 for opening and closing an air port 18 in thewall of 16.

It will thus be noted that liquid fuel will always normally stand at the level AA and in "this manner the interior of 11 willbe filled with liquid fuel and the passage of liquid fuel from 11 into the passage 14 is by way of a port 15 placed above the upper end of 11 for the purpose of preventing the same from becoming air-bound.

In the operation of internal combustion engines, particularly at low temperatures, the viscosity of the lubricating oil causes a considerable pressure to be built up immediately on starting the engine at idling speeds therefore, inasmuch as pump .90 is driven from the engine crank-shaft, the pressure developed thereby will be passed through 8 and cause a compression of 11. This compression immediately forces a stream of liquid fuel through 15 and 14 to the interior of 16 where, responsive to the engine induction vacuum being applied to 16 the liquid fuel in. the required volume will be passed to the engine cylinders and prime the same; At the same time a certain amount of air will'have passed through the port 18 to mix with the fuel and also a certain amountof air will have passed through the ports 20 in the adjusting valve 19 for also mixing with the fuel. a

As soon as the engine 111 have started, the oil pressure being applied to 8 will have forced the valve 13 upwardly thereby closing the air port 18 to a predetermined degree so that the proportion of air to fuel will be sufficient to keep the engine running and the proportions of air and liquid fuel to be supplied to an engine under any given condition of temperature for starting may be controlled by the fuel valve 21 and the air valve 19. At the same time the suction to be applied to 16 may be regulated by the valve 17.

Valve 21 is so placed that the upward move-i I 'to permit the expansion 0f'11 and thereby the admission of further air through the port 18 and the volume of fuel to be supplied to the engine after the exhaustion of the priming charge in 11 may be governed by the valve 6, so that the cycle of operations includes first, the regulated priming charge by meansfor supplying a primlng charge com- 7 11 and thereafter the diminishing of thefuel supply as the engine temperature increases.

It will be noted that on starting an engine which is warm, the viscosity of the oil will be such that 11 will be compressed a minimum amountand therefore the priming charge injected into the enginewill be only suflicient to serve its purpose when the engine. is hot.

Again, upon accelerating the engine the oil pressure will build up and therefore a further Injection of fuel will take place with increasing speed, which is a very desirable feature. Thefifuel supplied through 6 is generally of a minimum quantity required for idling conditions, the main fuel supply being supplied through the carburetor 3 and it should be noted that in place of thevalves 6, 17, and 21 that certain sized orifices may be substituted therefor for any given engine in pipes 5, and 16. V

It is of course understood that the pressure applied to the diaphragm 11 may be regulated by the size of the discharge orifice in 9. v

I claim:-. V

1. In an internal combustion enginehaving a lubricating oil supply under pressure, means for supplying a priming charge to said engine comprising a movable member subjected to the oil supply pressure. I

2. In an internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil supply under pressure,

' prising a movable member subjected on one side to the oil supply pressure and on the other side" to the engine vacuum.

3. In an internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil supply under pressure, means for supplying a primin charge comprising a movable member sub ected to independent forces derived respectively from the oil supply pressure and from the engine induction vacuum. i

4. In an internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil supply under pressure, means for supplying a priming charge comprising a movable member subjected to the oil supply pressure and means for Varying the effective result of saidpressure.

5. In an internal combustion engine having a lubricating oil supply under'pressure, means for, supplying a primin prising a movable member .suhjected to the oil siiiipdply pressure and means for yarying the e ctive result of said pressure in accordance with the engine induction vacuum.

6. In an internal combustion engine having alubricating oil supply under pressure,

the combination of a flexible diaphragm, means for subjecting the diaphragm to the oil supply pressureand means for applying the engine suction to the diaphragm for priming the engine.

7. In an internal combustion engine having an oil supply under pressure, the combination of a flexible diaphragm, means for charge comsubjecting thediaphragm on one side to the oil pressure and means for subjecting the other side of the dia hragm to the suction in the gas inletfor t e engine.

nation with a priming device of means for operating it comprising a movable member subjected to the oil. pressure which varieswith the speed and temperature of the engine. 9. A priming device for internal combus-. tion engines having an oil supply under pressure comprising a flexible diaphragm adapted to be compressed and expanded by variations of the oil supply pressure responsive to thespeed of the engine.

10. A priming device for internal combustion engines having anoil supply un'der ressure comp-rising a flexible diaphragm a apted to ,be governed by variations of the oil supply pressure responsive to the speed and temperature of the engine. j v

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a carburetor, an intake manifold, a priming" device, a pump for lubricating oil, means to supply liquid fuel from the carburetor to the priming device, means to supply oil under pressure from the oil pump to the priming device and means to. feed liquid fuel from the intake manifold.

12. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a carburetor, an intake maniofld, a priming device, a pump for lubricat ing oil, means to supply liquid fuel from the carburetor to the priming device, means to supply oil under pressure from the oil pump to the priming device and adjustable means to feed liquid fuel from the priming device to the intake manifold.

13. In aninternal combustion engine, the

combination of a carburetor, an intake manifold, a priming device, a pump for lubricating oil, means to supply liquid fuel from the carburetor to thepriming device, means to supply oil under pressure from the pump to the priming device, a conduit connecting the priming device with the intake manifold, and means to pass a mixture of liquid fuel and air through said conduit. v

14. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a carburetor, an intake manifold, a priming device, a pump for lubricating oil, means to supply liquid fuel from the carburetor to the priming device, means to supply oil under pressure from the pump to the priming device, a conduit connecting the priming device with the intake manifold, and adjustable'means to pass liquid. fuel. and air through said conduit.

15. In an internal combustion engine having a.closed fluid circulating system under pressure, means .forsupply ng a primlng charge to said engine, and means 0 erated by the fluid pressure in said system or controlling the operation of said first-named an increased chargeof explosive mixture to means. said engine upon suddenly accelerating the 16. In an internal combustion engine havsame. r i 10 ing a closed fluid circulating system, means Signed at Wilmington, in the county of 5 for supplying an explosive mixture to said Los Angeles and State of California, this 5th engine, and means operated by the fluid pres-v day of December A. D. 1923.

sure developed in said system for supplying CHARLES LAWRENCE STOKES. 

